Ratio of working load to ultimate load

Product of working load and ultimate load

Product of working load and factor of safety

Ratio of ultimate load to working load

Calculations on service load conditions alone

Calculations on ultimate load conditions alone

Calculations on earthquake loads

Calculations at working loads and ultimate loads

Acceptable limits for safety and serviceability requirements before failure occurs

Acceptable limits for safety and serviceability requirements after failure occurs

Acceptable limits for safety after failure occurs

Acceptable limits for serviceability after failure occurs

Brittle failure

Fracture due to fatigue

Failure by excessive deformation

Deformation and deflection adversely affecting appearance or effective use of structure

Design Load = Characteristic Load / Partial factor of safety

Design Load = Characteristic Load x Partial factor of safety

Design Load = Characteristic Load + Partial factor of safety

Design Load = Characteristic Load

400 $\mathrm{N}/{\mathrm{mm}}^2$

240 $\mathrm{N}/{\mathrm{mm}}^2$

250 $\mathrm{N}/{\mathrm{mm}}^2$

500 $\mathrm{N}/{\mathrm{mm}}^2$